Drywall Installation & Repair Cheat Sheet

Sheet sizes, fastener spacing, and mudding techniques for drywall work. Covers hanging, taping, and finishing to professional standards.

Drywall Sheet Sizes
SizeCoverageBest Use
4' x 8'32 sq ftMost common, easy to handle
4' x 10'40 sq ftFewer seams, 9-10 ft ceilings
4' x 12'48 sq ftFewer seams, harder to handle
Drywall Thickness & Types
ThicknessApplicationNotes
1/4"Curved walls, overlaysNot for new construction
3/8"Repairs, overlaysOver existing surfaces
1/2"Walls & ceilingsMost common for walls
5/8"Ceilings, fire codeBetter sag resistance

Type X: Fire-resistant, required in garages and between units

Green Board: Moisture-resistant, for bathrooms (not shower areas)

Purple Board: Mold & moisture resistant, best for bathrooms

Paperless: Fiberglass facing, best moisture resistance

Fastener Spacing

Walls

  • Screws: 16" on center
  • Nails: 8" on center
  • Edge spacing: 3/8" from edge

Ceilings

  • Screws: 12" on center
  • Always use screws, never nails
  • Support heavy ceilings with 5/8" board
Taping & Mudding Process

Coat 1: Taping (Bedding Coat)

  • Fill gaps and embed tape
  • Use topping or all-purpose compound
  • 6" knife for joints, 4" for corners
  • Dry time: 24 hours

Coat 2: Second Coat

  • Feather edges 2-3" beyond tape
  • 8-10" knife
  • Cover fastener dimples
  • Dry time: 24 hours

Coat 3: Finish Coat

  • Feather to 12-16" wide
  • 10-12" knife
  • Very thin, smooth coat
  • Dry & sand before priming
Joint Compound Types

All-Purpose

Good for all coats, general use

Topping

Finish coat only, easy to sand

Taping

First coat only, strong bond

Lightweight

Easier to sand, less strong

Setting Type (20/45/90)

Sets chemically, same-day coats, doesn't shrink

Common Repairs

Small Holes (Under 1")

  1. Clean edges
  2. Apply spackling or joint compound
  3. Let dry, sand smooth
  4. Prime and paint

Medium Holes (1-6")

  1. Cut square around damage
  2. Install backing board or mesh
  3. Cut patch to fit
  4. Screw patch to backing
  5. Tape and mud as normal

Large Holes (Over 6")

  1. Cut to nearest studs
  2. Add blocking if needed
  3. Cut new drywall to fit
  4. Screw to studs
  5. Tape, mud, and finish
Sanding & Finishing Tips
  • Use 120-150 grit sandpaper for final sanding
  • Sand in circular motion, feather edges
  • Use sanding pole for ceilings and high walls
  • Wear dust mask and use good ventilation
  • Wet sand for less dust (takes longer)
  • Use bright light at angle to spot imperfections
  • Prime before painting to seal surface
  • PVA primer for new drywall

Additional Information

About This Drywall Installation Guide

This comprehensive drywall cheat sheet provides essential reference information for hanging, taping, and finishing drywall like a professional. Whether you're finishing a basement, renovating a room, or repairing damaged walls, this guide covers the specifications and techniques you need for smooth, professional-looking results.

Drywall installation is one of the most common DIY projects, but achieving invisible seams and smooth finishes requires proper technique. This reference covers sheet sizes and thicknesses for different applications, fastener spacing requirements, the multi-coat mudding process, and repair techniques for holes of all sizes. Understanding these fundamentals helps you avoid common mistakes like visible seams, nail pops, and cracking joints.

While drywall hanging is physically demanding, the finishing work requires patience and skill. Plan for multiple coats of joint compound with adequate drying time between each. Rushing the process leads to visible seams and imperfections that are difficult to hide with paint. Take your time, especially on the finish coat, and use proper lighting to identify imperfections before priming.

Why Use This Drywall Reference Guide?

Having quick access to drywall specifications helps ensure professional results and prevents common installation mistakes. This guide saves time and helps you choose the right materials for each application.

  • Select the correct drywall thickness and type for walls, ceilings, and moisture-prone areas
  • Follow proper fastener spacing to prevent nail pops and loose panels
  • Master the three-coat mudding process for invisible seams
  • Choose the right joint compound type for each stage of finishing
  • Learn repair techniques for small, medium, and large holes
  • Achieve smooth finishes with proper sanding techniques
Frequently Asked Questions

Free Drywall Cheat Sheet - Simple Installation & Repair Guide | DIYProject.ai