Identify NEMA plug configurations for 120V and 240V circuits. Essential for matching outlets, appliances, and electrical upgrades.
Working with electrical systems can be LETHAL. Follow all safety precautions:
Format: XX-YY
First Number (XX): Configuration type (voltage and grounding)
Second Number (YY): Amperage rating
| NEMA | Voltage | Amperage | Wires | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-15R | 120V | 15A | 3 (hot, neutral, ground) | Standard household outlets, most appliances |
| 5-20R | 120V | 20A | 3 (hot, neutral, ground) | Kitchen, bathroom, garage circuits |
| 5-30R | 120V | 30A | 3 (hot, neutral, ground) | RV hookups, large window AC units |
| 5-50R | 120V | 50A | 3 (hot, neutral, ground) | Commercial equipment, large appliances |
Plug Compatibility: A 5-15P (plug) fits into both 5-15R and 5-20R receptacles. A 5-20P plug ONLY fits 5-20R receptacles (T-shaped neutral slot).
| NEMA | Voltage | Amperage | Wires | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-15R | 240V | 15A | 3 (2 hot, ground) | Window AC, small equipment |
| 6-20R | 240V | 20A | 3 (2 hot, ground) | Air compressors, power tools |
| 6-30R | 240V | 30A | 3 (2 hot, ground) | Electric dryers (older installations) |
| 6-50R | 240V | 50A | 3 (2 hot, ground) | Electric ranges (older), welders |
Note: 6-series provides 240V only (no neutral). Cannot power 120V components. Older dryer/range installations may use this type.
| NEMA | Voltage | Amperage | Wires | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10-30R | 120V/240V | 30A | 3 (2 hot, neutral, NO ground) | Old dryers (pre-1996, no longer code) |
| 10-50R | 120V/240V | 50A | 3 (2 hot, neutral, NO ground) | Old ranges (pre-1996, no longer code) |
| 14-30R | 120V/240V | 30A | 4 (2 hot, neutral, ground) | Modern electric dryers (required since 1996) |
| 14-50R | 120V/240V | 50A | 4 (2 hot, neutral, ground) | Modern electric ranges, RV hookups, EV chargers |
| 14-60R | 120V/240V | 60A | 4 (2 hot, neutral, ground) | Large EV chargers, commercial equipment |
⚠️ Code Requirement (since 1996):
All 240V circuits serving ranges and dryers MUST have 4-wire connections (including separate ground). 10-series (3-wire with no ground) no longer permitted for new installations.
Level 2 EV Chargers
Most Common: 14-50R (240V, 50A) or 6-50R (older)
Also Used: 14-30R (240V, 30A) for slower charging
Hardwired: Many modern chargers are hardwired (no plug) for higher amperage
Dedicated Circuit Required: Cannot share circuit with other loads
Welders
Small Welders (120V): 5-20R or 5-30R
Mid-Size (240V, 30-50A): 6-50R most common
Large Welders: Hardwired or specialized high-amp plugs
Important: Check welder specifications - many can run on multiple voltages
RV Hookups
30A RV: TT-30R (unique RV-specific, 120V, 30A)
50A RV: 14-50R (120V/240V, 50A) - same as range outlet
Note: RVs use TT-30 (not 5-30) for their 30A service
| Circuit Amp | Wire Gauge (Copper) | Breaker Size | Max Run (approx) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15A | 14 AWG | 15A max | ~60 ft |
| 20A | 12 AWG | 20A max | ~80 ft |
| 30A | 10 AWG | 30A max | ~100 ft |
| 40A | 8 AWG | 40A max | ~125 ft |
| 50A | 6 AWG | 50A max | ~150 ft |
| 60A | 4 AWG | 60A max | ~175 ft |
Note: For runs exceeding max distance, upsize wire to prevent voltage drop. Aluminum wire requires larger gauge. Always follow NEC and local codes.
⚠️ Using adapters can be dangerous if done incorrectly:
Electrical work done incorrectly can cause fires, electrocution, and invalidate insurance. When in doubt, hire a professional.
This comprehensive NEMA electrical plug and receptacle chart helps homeowners, DIYers, and electricians identify and select the correct outlets for various voltage and amperage requirements. Understanding NEMA configurations is essential when installing circuits for electric dryers, ranges, EV chargers, welders, and other high-power equipment.
NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) standards define plug and receptacle configurations to prevent mismatched voltage or amperage connections that could damage equipment or cause fires. Each configuration number indicates the voltage, amperage, and number of conductors. This guide covers common 120V household outlets, 240V straight configurations for welders and old dryers, and modern 120V/240V four-wire outlets required for contemporary ranges and dryers.
Whether you're installing an EV charger, upgrading an old dryer outlet to meet current code, or connecting a welder in your workshop, this reference provides the specifications you need to work safely and correctly.
Understanding NEMA configurations helps you install the correct outlets for your equipment and comply with electrical codes. This guide ensures safe, proper connections.